Gas-main controller



J. VAN ACKEREN. GAS MAIN CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED APR- 10, [920.

8 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Patented Nov. 22, 1921.

Mia

J. VAN ACKERE N.

GAS MAIN CONTROLLER.

APPLlCATIQN FILED APR.10, I920.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1. VAN ACK EREN. GAS MAIN CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. l0, I920.

1,398,055. Patented Nov. 22, 1921.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Jamar 6Z5?" /M m,

1.. VAN ACKEREN.

GAS MAIN CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, 1920.

1 98,055, Patented Nov. 22, 1921.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

J. V'AN ACKEREN.

GAS MAIN CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.10, 1920.

J. VAN ACKEREN.

GAS MAIN CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, 1920.

Patented Nov. 22,1921.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

J. VAN ACKEREN. GAS MAIN CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, I920.

Patented Nov. 22, 1921.

8 SHEETSSHEET 7.

J. VAN ACKEREN.

GAS MAIN CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10. I920.

Patented NOV. 22, 1921.

8 SHEETSSHEET 8.

l/////lllll/l% III] III/Ill ll! n IOK UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH VAN ACKEREN, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB TO THE KOPPEBS COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 01? PENNSYLVANIA.

eas-xam CONTROLLER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Nov. 22, 1921.

Application filed April 10, 1920. serial l to. 378,000.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosEPH VAN ACKEREN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of ennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Gas-Main Controllers, of which the following. is a specification.

This invention relates to pressure regulators for gas mains, moreparticularly the collecting mains of by-product coking plants in which it is of great importance to maintain substantial uniformity of pressure'conditions.

One of the principal objects of the invention is the prov-ision of a pressure regulator that is quickly responsive to relatively minute fluctuations in pressure in a gas main and which, although capable of developing adequate power to operate the controlling valve of the main, is extremely sensitive, and

always under the direct control of the very minute fluctuations in pressure in the main. In other wordsthe invention combines the great sensitiveness to pressure'fluctuations with an adequate, directly responsive power for operating the controlling valve, thereby effecting an immediate regulation of the pressure within the main. The invention has for further objects such other improvements or advantages in construction and operation as are found to obtain in the struc tures and devices hereinafter described or claimed.

.In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and showing, for purposes of exemplification, a preferred form and manner in which the invention may be embodied and practised, but without limiting the claimed invention specifically to such illustrative instance or instances:

Figure-1 is a right hand side elevation of an arrangement of apparatus constituting a pressure regulator embodying the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front-elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged top plan view of the motor cylinders the float chamber and other parts.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section through the motor cylinders and the auxilialiy governing cylinder.

g. 6 is an enlarged vertical section Fig. 9 is a fragmentary horizontal section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 10 a detailed top plan view of the pipe line connections with the pilot valve and the relay valve.

Fig. 11 is a vertical-section. on the line' l1- 11 of F ig; 10, with parts omitted to avoid complication of the illustration.

Fig. 12 is a longitudinal horizontal section through the relay valve casing.

Fig. 13 is a.- longitudinal vertical section through the same.

Fig. 14 is a transverse vertical section on the line 1414 of Fig. 13.

Fig. '15 is a longitudinal vertical section through the pilot valve.

The same characters of nate the views.

As shown in the drawings, connected with the bottom of a float chamber 22. The pipe 21 leads from the gas main, the pressure within which is to be a pipe 21 is regulated by .the regulating apparatus and serves to conduct gas from the main to the float chamber. The float chamber 22 is inclosed by a suitable substantially cylindrical casing 23 supported inany suitable manner and having a threaded port 24 in its bottom, into which the aforesaid pipe 21 is screwed. Also screwed in said port 24. and extending vertically upwardly. Within the float chamber 22'is a 'pipe 25 which directs the gas from'the gasJnain into the interior of the float mounted within said float chamber 22. The float 26 is of inverted bell shape having a curved top 27 and inner and outer cylindrical walls 28 and 29 joined together at the bottom of the float by means of a horizontal annular connecting portion 30, all as shown more particularly in'Fig. 6. Mounted above the annular connecting portion'30 and joining the inner and outer cylindrical walls 28 and 29 is an annulus 31 which forms the top of an annular buoyant chamber 32 at the bottomof the float. This lar chamber 33 is regulable by adjustable valve mechanism carried by the pilot valve stem 43-extends downwardly into serves merely to reduce the weight offthef a the .5 OPPJIIthQ P611? 1 s p moving parts'ofthe float and the resulting ing effect the liquid flow will have. inertia and iction. Above the vbuoyant fConnected to the top "ofthe float 26 and chamber 32 t' e aforesaid. inner and outer extending upwardly through the topofftlie cylindrical walls 28 and 29 formfan annular "float casing 23 is a vertical rod 41 thatjis chamber '33 that is open at the top to-theip'artiallyj connected at its 'o'uter end iiwith gas pressure within the float and is adapted one end of a horizontal walking beam f'42. vto be emptied of and, tobe partially filled The center-0f saidwalking beam 42 is piv' with liquid fromthe float chamber 22, 'as oted on and balanced upon the upper endof the float rises and falls upon variationin' a pilot valve stem 43, and the end of said the gas pressure.

beam opposite to the rod 41Iconnectswith a The rate of flow .into andout of the annucompensating mechanism, which will be means of an fully described hereinafter. The faforesaid float and constructed as follows :-Mountedthevpilot valve'casing44, see more-particw on the outer face of the outer cylindrical. larly Fig.-15, and carries:a valve head"" .45. wall 29 of thefloat isa valve casing 34havthat is adapted to slide vertically within the.

ing-a bottomdischarge or entry port .35 and Ymain valve chamben'46 of said pilot valve lthe; ,flow

" outer chamber 22.

aside port'36 that communicates with'a regcasing.

the valve casing 34 and is provided withaielev ated within the main valve chamber 4 vertical stem 38 which extcndsnpwardly to 'f conversely, on lowering of the float 26 as the the top of the casing wall 29and is threade within a socket formed'in a'lug 39.7 projecting he valve 'head' is lowered within said cham outwardly from saidvcasin w'all f29. -'Th ber 46.-- Communicating with said pilot threaded portion of the va ve stem 38p1f0-f -valve chamber 46 by means of a duct 47 v 011 the upwardmovement of the; istering port formed in the casing wall29. float 26 incidental to increase, pressure} A-valve head 37- is slidably mounted within- Wlthil'l' the gas main the valve hea'd as-pressure within the gas main decreases jects beyond said lug 39 and threaded -onthis. -,formedin the casing 44 is a pilot valve conr proj'ectmg portion, is a. knurled adjusting stant pressure line 48; the upper end of the'l 95 raised andlowered with a haust chamber 49 and the latter communicates collar=40, :by the turning of, which the valve vertical chamber-'46 opens into an enlarged ex stem 8 ay e v consequent change in position of the valve by means ofaduct 50 with the. pilot valve exhead 37 within the valve casing 34. Bythis haiist line '51; located 'in a plane above) the means ,t heport; connecting the float chamber aforesaid supply duct 47 and communicating -33with the outer chamber 22 may be shut off with the upper end of the main chamber 46 in size to regulate 1s athird duct 52 which connects with the entirely or may be varied between said-chamber arid said ilot valve variable pressure line 53,'as-shown I -en the float is at restitthe liquid 1evel: Valve is provided with an exhaust chamber within the chamber 33vis the same as the rcomrnumcatmg'through a by-pass of usual 1n FigsLlO and 11. At its base, the pilot 105 liquid level'i'n the outer. main-floatch'amber form ('notshown), with the'exhaust cham- I 22, On movement of the float however this ,ber 49, thus balancing the-valve in the usual equilibrium is necessarily disturbed and ,1'i 1'anner.. '3 5 from on hamb r gc th v Fluld pressure is supplied to" the pilot lie liquid in bothchambers :revalve constant pressure line; 48. by means of liquid must other until t gains-the same leveL- For example, as the a constant pressure, ma1n'54, with'which float rises the liquid will necessarily flowi-such constant Ipressure line 48 is connected,

to p 4 chamber 33. I

ment is, that the movement of the float is. connections fluid pressure flows from the,

' and serving merely to regulate the movement mg from the inner chamber 33 intol the outer as shown'in igs. 1, -2 and 3. With the chamber 22, and as the float falls liquid flows lifting of the valve head 45 incidental to an from the outer chamber '22 into the inner increase in pressure in the gas main through The result of this arrange. the medium of thehereinbefore described dampened .until the water'level in both 'rjpilot valve constant pressure line 48 through chambershas regained the'same level, such the valve chamber 46 and duct .52 dampening however being without friction pilot valve variablepressure line 53., Lower of the float under gas pressure fluctuations. said duct-52 with the exhaust chamber 49,

out the The valve construction for adjusting the the duct 50' and the pilot valve exhaust line portconnectingthe chamber 33 and the outer 51, permitting the fluid pressure to exhaust a the speed of movement of the float-and of Thepilot valve variable pressure line 53 float chamber 22 provides for .regulationof *therethrough.

the entire governor, it being obviousthat the is connected by means of a branch pipe 55 less restricted the flow between the two with one side of the relay valve and the chambers 33 and 22 the greater the retardapilot valve constant pressure line 48 is contion on the speed of movement o'fthe float nected with the opposite side ofthe relay 'valve by means of a branch pipe 56. The

in the pilot valve casing by the direct fluctuations in gas pressure acting on the float 26 and the construction of such relay valve is best illustrated in Figs. 12 to 14 inclusive: The relay valve embodies in its construction a suitable casing 58 formed with a longitudinal main'plunger chamber 59,'the latter communicating at one end of the relay valve, namely, the right hand end thereof as viewed in Figs. 12 and 13, with an auxiliary chamber 60 of reduced diameter relative to the aforesaid vmain chamber 59. Preferably the diameter of the chamber 60 .is approximately one-half as great as the main chamber59. Slidably mounted within the relay valve casin is a plunger 61 constituted of a main va ve head 62 positioned within the aforesaid main valve chamber 59 and connected by a stem 63 at one end with a piston 64 also located within said main valve chamber, and connected at its other end .by a stem 65 with a piston 66 of reduced diameter and slidable within said auxiliary chamber 60. ;The aforesaid branch pipes 55 and 56 lead respectively to ends of the relay valve chambers 59 and 60, and as a result ofthis construction the fluid pressure from the pilot valve variable pressure line 53 is carried to the head of the piston 64 and the fluid pressure from the pilot valve constant pressure line 48 is carried to the head of the piston 66 of reduced diameter. The working surfaces of the relay valve, to-wit: the areas of the piston heads 64 and 66 are, in accordancewith the'invention, greatly in excess of.

the working surfaces and. areasof the pilot valve and accorclingly fluid pressure released by the pilot valve may' be appliedto the working surface of the piston 64 to operate the same, although with a pressure not greater than that applied to the piston 66 because of the relatively smaller diameter of the latter piston. By reason of the constant pressure on one side, and a variable pressure on only the other side, of the relay,such relay, in accordance with the illustrated embodiment of the invention, operates as a 'throttling valve in contradistinction to an on-and-oif valve, thereby minimizing any tendency of the governor to race or hunt.

The relay valve 57 controls the supply of fluid pressure to a motor for operating the usual controlling valve of the gas main, all of which will be hereinafter described, and for this purpose the fluid pressure to and from said motor passes through the relay valve and is directed thereby in such manner as to produce the desired results. The valve head 62 of the plunger within the main valve chamber 59- of the relay valve is formed with disks 67, 68 respectively located at the opposite ends of said valve head "central portion 69 of the valve head 62 is of a reduced diameter, as shown, to provide a surrounding passageway for the circulation of the fluid ressure that enters the valve chamber. ommunicating with the hereinbefore mentioned constant pressure main 54' is a branch pipe 70 which leads to and is connected with a fluid pressure supply chamber 71 formed in the relay valve casing and communicating with the main valve chamber 59, as shown in Fig. 12. Also formed in the relay valve casing and communicating with the aforesaid main valve chamber 59 is an exhaust chamber 72 that leads to an exhaust pipe 73 connected with the exhaust main 74. At the opposite sides of the supply chamber 71 and formed in the relay valve casing are fluid pressure chambers 74 and 75 that are respectively connected by supply ,pipes with the opposite cylinders of-the motor. From the fluid pressure chamber 74 in the relay valve a. supply pipe 76 leads to the left hand motor cylinder a supply pipe 78 leads to the right hand motor cylinder 7 9. The valve head 62 of the relay valve plunger is provided with aplurality of ducts 80 extending longitudinally therethrough, as shown in Figs. 12 to 14 inclusive, said ducts 80 being adapted under 77 and from the fluid pressure chamber- 75 certain conditions, hereinafter described, to

connect the aforesaid pressure chamber 75 with the exhaust chamber 72.

Proceeding on the assumption that an excess of pressure in the gas main has effected a lifting movement of the float 26, the pilot valve head 45 is lifted, thereby uncovering the duct 52, with the result that fluid pressure from the pilot valve constant pressure line 48 passes through the duct 52 and the branch pipe 55 to the main valvechamber 59 of the relay valve and against the piston head 64 of the relay valve plunger. Fluid pressure from the same pilot valve constant pressure line '48 is constantly exerted against 68 of the valve head 62 uncovering the ports of the pressure chamber 74 that communicateswith themain valve chamber 59 so that said chamber 74 is placed in communication with the fluid pressure supply chamber 71. At the same time the disk 67 of the valve head 62 uncovers theports of the fluid pressure chamber 75 that lead to the main valve chamber 59 and said chamber 75 is, as a result, placed in communication with theexhaust chamber 72"through the through the ducts 80 in the valve head 62" to the exhaust chamber 72 and thence out the exhaust branch pipe 73 to the exhaust main 74a. The action of the parts is the reverse of that just describedpn a-lowering of the float 26 coincidentally with adecrease in gas pressure in the gas main. On such decrease of prssure,'the pilot valve head isylowered'so as'to shutofi the duct j.52 from the pilot valve constant pressure line 48, thereby cutting .ofi the supply of pressure to the pistonhead 640i the relay valve. The, constant supply of fluid pressure to the.; piston 66 of reduced diameter now becomes j effective to return the plunger to normal position, or, the decrease pressure n the preferred embodiment of the inventhe gas main continue, to move said relay-a valve plunger to the left thereby placing-the supply chamber 71 in communicationwith the pressure chamber 75. and concurrently; placing the exhaust chamber 7 2 in communi-i cation with the pressurelchamber 74. Pressure from the constant pressure main54 now flowsto the right handmotor cylinder 79,

through the herein above'describedjconnee ti'ons,' and the exhaust from the left hand motor cylinder -7 7 flows into the pipe 7 6,- the chamber 74 and directly into the exhaustchamber 72 from which it passes finally into the exhaust main 74a.

motor cylinders and the pistons working. therein arerelatively of much greater. di

,ameter than the pistons and other parts ofj thefrelay valve. Thus although the pressure of the'motive fluid supplytoxthe motor cylinderis'no greater than-that which actuates the relay valve and which pas's th o gh the relatively minute pilotvalve, the pressure on 5 the motive fluidibeing constant. throughout the system, the relatively greater valve ofthegas 'main. Therefore, a constant power fluid controlled by theexceedingly minute fluctuationsjn'pressure in the gas main is made "to perform the work of the motor are 5 relatively heavy an cumbersome controlling moving the motor istons and operating the valve of the gas-main, the-operation of said controlling valve being directly responsive to and absolutely .under the control of .the gas pressure fluctuations in said main. The pistons 81, 82 of the respective motor cylinmeans'of a piston rod 83. This rod 83 .is connected at 84 in a slot 85 formed in the lower end of'a rock arm 86 fixed to and depending from a rock shaft 87. The rock shaft 87 is journaled in suitable bearings and constitutes theoperating shaft for the gas'main controlling valve. For this purpose the shaft 87 is provided with an operatin arm 88,. see Fig. 2, which connects ders 77 and-79 are connected together by with t e usual butterfly valve,, not shown, 1n the gas main- The movement of the pis-' tons 81, 82' to 'wa rd .the right, occasioned by anlncrease in pressure in the gas main,

through the operating and controlling conversely, a movement of the two pistons 81,82

pressu'rein the gas niaim-operates the arm towardthe left, produced by a decrease in ,87 to close the butterfly valveand thereby to permit the pressure to riseinlsaid main.

tion, the constant pressure linesof the systam-are supplied with hydraulic fluid under constant pressure, preferably oil. The constant pressure mainline .54 communicates at said. constant pressure main 54. .The oil pressure by'means of alr under pressure 100. one end. with a constant pressuretank 88, Wh10 h. tank-isadapted to supply the oil to present in the upper end of said tank-inthe air" l'ine89. The-air within the air line-189 passes. through a diaphragm pressure regiulator191 of'any preferred construction adapt. 'ed to control an electricswitch in the switth box 90, to control'the circuit of electricmotor for-the pump 94, thereby'maintaining a constant pressure on the oil insaidftank 8 8.

The exhaust main 7 4? carriesthe exhaust bll from exhaust pipe'fflfof the pilot valve and the exhaust jipe 73 of the relay valve toTan oil tank 92'located'beneath the motor cylinders 77 and 79.= From the tank 92 a:

supply main 93 conducts the exhaust oil to.

thegintake of'the. pump 94..v The discharge side'oij the pump 94 is connected by means offa branchpipe 95 with the before .m'entioned constant pressure main 54; The

pump provides a' means of maintaining the sup lyfof oil in the tank 88. ;While the oil is owing through thefmainj'54 from the pump or from the tank 88, the pressure is at all times maintained constant within said main 54 by reason of the'air pressure operat I ing as above stated." If desired the tankend nected by means of an exhaust branch pipe entire system.

of the constant pressure main 54 may be con- 96 normally closed, with the tank 92, permittlng draining of the tank 88 without the necessity for flowing the oil throughout the The invention pressure controlled balancing means for preventing overthrow of the butterfly valve when operated either by a decrease. or an increase in pressure within the gas main and forinsuring an immediate adjustment of the butterfly valve to the position determined by the gas pressure within the main. This result is effected, by the invention, by setting up a force working oppositely to'the force released upon the motor by the operation of the pilot valve, thereby providing a check on the movement of the parts which becomes effective as soon as a force is released that tends to move the butterfly valve in either I direction. Mounted on the-motor-cylinder 77 is an auxiliary cylinder 97 within which works a piston 98 connected by a pivoted piston rod 99 with the rock arm 86, the outer end of said pivoted rod 99 being pivoted within an elongated slot 100 formed in said rock arm 86. This construction permits an adjustment of the, throw of the piston 98 in proportion to the throw of the pistons 81 and 82. In the head of the cylinder 97, there are two ports, a port 101 that communicates with the pilot valve variable pressure'pipe 53 and a by-pass 102 that communicates with the oil tank 92 beneath the motor cylinders 77 and 79. As shown the pilot valve variable pressure pipe 53 extends to the port 1010f the auxiliary cylinder and beyond said port 101 is connected by means of said by-pass 102 with the exhaust line 96 that leads to the oil tank 92.

Assuming that the pistons 81, 82 are trav- 1 cling toward the right, on an increasing pressure in the gas main and a consequent application of the fluid pressure in the pilot valve variable pressure line 58 to the left hand side of the relay valve, the piston 98 of the auxiliary cylinder moves to the right also and its suction tends to fill the auxiliary cylinder with oil coming 'both from the tank 92 and the pilot valve variable pressure line 53, the amount of which oil may be adjusted by a needle valve 103 in the aforesaid bypass 102. I The result is that the pressure on the head of the piston 64 is relieved as the butterfly in the gas main is opened and consequently, immediately the increase in pressure in the gas main ceases, the constant pressure exerted continuously on the ,piston 66 of the relay valve becomes effective to move the relay valve in the opposite direction, reverse the supply to the motor-cylinders 77 and 79 and set up a force tending to move the pistons 81,, 82 toward the left. The operation of this balancing force infurther provides a fluidv valve and to set up a force 'tendingto reverse the operation of said pistons 81, 82, to open said butterfly valve.

In addition to thebalancing means hereinabove described, there is provided, by the invention, a mechanical balancing means for checking OVGIthltW of the float. Referring particularly to Fig. 6 the rock shaft 87 is providedwith a cam 104. The extreme end of the walking beam 42 from the float rod 41 is provided with a pivoted depending arm 105 that extends through asuitable bracket 106 and is provided at its .lower end with a head 107 maintained in engagement with the aforesaid cam 1-04 on the shaft 87 by means of an encirclin spring 108 interposed between said head 10% and said bracket 106.. lVhen the float rises the pilot valve rod 43 rises also and the motor is operated to'turn the shaft 87 and open the butterfly valve. Turning of the shaft 87 also turns the cam 104 to bring a depressed portion of s'uch cam beneath the head 107 of the rod 105, thereby permitting the spring 108 to depress said. rod, which motion is transmitted to the walking beam 42 with a tendency to depress the pilot valve rod 43 and re-center said pilot-valve rod. On movement of the parts in the opposite direction the cam 104 moves to a position to lift the rod 105 and the pilot valve 43 thereby tending to lift the valve head of the pilot valve to its central neutral position.

The invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in a particular form of construction but may be variously embodied within the scope of the claims hereinafter made.

I claim:

1. In a pressure regulator for as mains,

in combination: a memberlmova le in remotor to the controlling valve of the gas main; substantially as specified.

2. In a pressure regulator for gas mains, in combination: a member movable in response to fluctuations in pressure in a gas main; a valve of reduced amplitude operable by the movements of said member; another' valve of relatively greater amplitude operable by a fluid pressure liiie controlled by the aforesaid valve of reduced amplitude; at

motor actuated by a fluid 'pressure'line controlled by said valve of greater ampl tude;

' and means for transmitting power from said motor to the controlling valve of the gas main; substantially as specified.

3. In a pressureregulator for gas mains, in combination: a pilot valve havin a. constant inlet pressure variably release as outlet. ressure; a member movable in response to uctuations 1n pressure 1n 3. gas main for actuating said pilot valve; an amplifying relay valve-embodying, a casing, and a valve plunger movable therein and having piston heads, one of reduced area relativelyto the. other; means for supplying the pllot valve outlet pressure to the piston head of greater area and for supplyingthe pilot valve inlet v the controlling valve of the pressure to the piston head of reduced area; amotor actuated by a fluid pressure line controlled by said relay valve; and means to fluctuations in pressure in a gas main for actuating said pilot valve; an amplifying relay valve actuated by the pilot valve ut let pressure against thepilot valve 111165 pressure-head of reduced yolume; 'a'motor actuated by a fluid pressure line controlled 7 motor to a controlling valve for the gas I area to overcome the load of and to operate said controlling valve; substantially as spec-.

main; substantially as specified.

by said relay valve; and means for transmitting-power from said motor to the controlling'valve of the gas main; substantially as 5. In a-pressure regulator for gas m in combination: a liquid-sealed bell communicating with the gas. main; a pilot actuated by said bell; a magnifying relay valve actuated'bv a fluid pressure line controlled by.

said pilot valve; a motor actuated by afluid pressure line controlled by said relayvalve and means for transmitting power from sai 6. .In a'pressure regulator for'gas mains,

V in combination:. a member movable in'response tofiuctuations in pressure in a gas 'main; a pilot valve actuated by said movable member; a magnifying relay valve actuated by a fluid pressure line-controlled by .said pilot valve; a motor actuated-by a fluid pressure line controlled by said relay ya'lve; means for transmitting power from said motor to a-controllin mitting means, for transmitting a reverse v in combination: a controllin gas main; a sourceflof hydraulic power under valve for the gas ain; andmeans, operable by said power transpilot valve; substantially as,

member; a magnifying relay valve actuated .by a fluid pressure line controlled bysaid pilot valve a motor actuated by a fluid pressure line controlled by said relay valve;'

means for transmitting power from said 'motor to a controlling valve for the gas main; and an overflow compensator connecting said motor with the pilot'valve and actby-fluctuations of the gas pressure in a gas main; a valve of reduced amplitude actuated by direct connections from said movable .member; another valve of relatively greater amplitude controlled' by said first-namedin combination: a member movable directly valve; a power driven motor controlled by i said valve of relatively greater amplitude; and I means for transmitting power from said motorto a controlling va ve for the gas main; substantially as specified.

- 9. In a pressure regulator for gas mains; I

in combination: a movable member responsive to the relatively minute fluctuations in pressure in a gas :main; a controlling valve for the gas main operable by power greater than that developed by the gas pressure in said main; a sourceof power under constant pressure; means controlled directly'inre-' sponse tofluctuations of said movable member for releasing power from said source; and means interposed between said member and the controlling valve for applyin'g'the power released to working surfaces of progressively' increased area to'ove'rcome the load 'ofqand to operate said controlling In a pressure regulator for gas mains,

constant pressure; means responsive to fluctuations inflpress ure in the gas main for. re-

leasing ower from such source; and means for app ying the powerreleased, througli working surfaces of progressively increased ified. V

' 11. In apressure regulator for gasmains,

in combination: a controlling valve for a gas valve for a the power released, through working surfaces of progressively increased area, to overcome thev load ofand to operate said controlling valve, substantially as spjecified.

- 12. In a pressure regulator for gas mains, in combination: a controlling valve for a gas main; a source of power under constant pressure; a relay system through which such power is applied in multi lied potentialto overcome the load of an to operate said controlling valve; and means responsive to fluctuations in-pressure in the gas main for releasing power from such source; substanfrom said source; and means interposed between said member and the controlling valve for applying the hydraulic power released to working surfaces of progressively increased area to overcome the load of and to operate said controlling valve; substantially as specified.

14. In-a pressure regulator for gas mains,

in combination: a friction-free float movable 1n response to the relatively minute fluctuations in pressure m a gas main; a control-l ling valve for the gas main operable bypower greater than that developed by the gas pressure of said main; a source of hydrau ic power under constant pressure; means controlled directly in response to fluctuations of said movable member for releasing power from said source; and means interposed between said member and the controlling valve for apgllying the hydraulic power released to wor gressively increased area to overcome the load of and to operate said controlling-valve; substantially as specified.

15. In a pressure regulator for as mains, in combination: a member mova le in response to the relatively minute fluctuations in pressure of a gas main; a controlling g surfaces of pro valve for the gas main operable by power greater than that developed by the gas pressure in said main; a source of power under constant pressure; a pilot valve-controlled directly in response to fluctuations of said movable member for releasing power from said source; and a relay system interposed between said member and the controlling valve for applying the power released to working surfaces of progressively increased area to overcome the load of and to operate said controlling valve; substantially as specified.

16. In a pressure regulator for gas mains, in combination: a member movable in response to fluctuations in pressure in a gas main; a valve of reduced amplitude operable by the movements of said member; a sourcev of power under constant pressure; another valve of relatively greater amplitude operable by pressure from said power source and controlled by the aforesaid valve of reduced amplitude; a..motor actua'tedby pressure from said'power source and controlled by said valve of greater am" litude; and means for transmitting power rom said motorvto the controlling valve of the gas main; substantially as specified.

17 In a pressure regulator for gas mains, in combination: a member movable in response to fluctuations in pressure in a gas main; a source of power under constant pressure; apilot valve actuated by said movable member; an amplifying relay valve actuated by pressure from said power source and controlled by said pilot valve; a motor alsoactuated by pressure from said power source and controlled by said relay valve; and means for transmitting power from said motor to the controlling valve of the gas main; substantiall ass cified.

- JOS PH AN AGKEREN. 

